Sex Trafficking Source

The United States foster care system has become a supply chain to traffickers. Most of the children that are being bought and sold for sex in our country are foster care children.The children in foster care are targeted by traffickers because of their need for love, affirmation, and protection. They are trained to call sex traffickers "daddies." This is a perverted reflection of the family unit the children are seeking. This is a scary idea that people are taking advantage of kids who already have some problems in their life.
Between 50 and 80 percent of commercially sexually exploited children in California in 2012 are or were formally involved with the child welfare system. In Los Angeles County's STARS court, 58% of the 72 sexually trafficked girls were foster care kids. 60% of the children reported missing in 2010 were in foster care or group homes before they ran away. In 2013, 60% of the child sex trafficking victims recovered as part of a FBI nationwide raid from over 70 cities were children from foster care or group homes.
Foster care has became the training ground in the country for being bought and sold for sex. Many of the kids in foster care are vulnerable to becoming sexually exploited. Sex traffickers have no fear of punishment because there is a lack of attention towards foster kids that go missing. Foster kids are used to kids who control their lives and they are not used to having true relationships or attachments.This is because they accept and normalize the idea of being used by people who are supposed to care for them as an object of financial gain. The "nothing but a paycheck" theory is the reason that foster youth normalize the idea of being used for financial gain. When they are taken into a neglectful home, they begin to believe their purpose is to bring income into a household. They do not recognize the difference between the idea of bringing in money for their foster parents and bringing in money for traffickers. Foster kids are also accustomed to moving between multiple homes, so they easily adapt to when a trafficker moves them multiple times as well. Most victims of human trafficking experienced sexual abuse growing up. It is 28 times more likely that a victim of sexual abuse will be drawn into trafficking than those who were not abused.How they are treated in foster care resembles how they are treated in trafficking.

Above is a picture of Withelma "T" Ortiz Walker Pettigrew. She is a survivor of child sex trafficking. She was born into the foster care system and stayed in it for the first 18 years of her life. She spent 7 of those 18 years being sexually trafficked on the streets, Internet, strip clubs, massage parlors, and in the back of express papers. She experienced trauma within the foster care system and previous to it, which allowed her to become more vulnerable. She was one of the kids who has normalized the idea of being exploited for financial gain. She says that even though it's tough to admit, the most consistent relationship she ever had in care was with her pimp and his family.

 In order to help this issue, there needs to be better safety in foster care. There has to be better protocols to screen foster parents and their families, funding for group homes must be re-evaluated and monitored, and children in care who are abused cannot be punished for disclosure. The Preventing Sex Trafficking and Strengthening Families Act was created in 2014 in the House of Representatives. It makes critical reforms to foster care laws. The main goal is to work to identify kids most vulnerable to predators and take steps to protect them from abuse. The bill increases the reporting requirements for foster parents and child welfare agencies. It encourages the identification of at-risk youth and develops ways to ensure better information is provided to caseworkers assigned to these children. The bill also addresses the current, strict foster care policies, and works to lessen the limits placed on these kids in regard to common activities that are part of transitioning into adulthood. The strict rules can cause kids to become isolated and separated from family and friends, which makes them more vulnerable to victimization.
There are also organizations that accept donations that work towards this issue. One of these organizations is My Life My Choice. This is a survivor-led organization that works to overcome the commercial sexual exploitation of children. They offer survivor-led services such as providing training, prevention groups for vulnerable children, survivor mentoring to children who are victims of commercial sexual exploitation, and advocacy and leadership development.
The sexual exploitation of the already vulnerable kids in foster care is an issue that does not receive the attention it deserves. They do not deserve to be used in this way just because they do not have a solidified family. There are many organizations and groups speaking out to help these kids. Below are just a few facts about sex trafficking.

Foster Care to Fame

Being in foster care does not mean a person is automatically set up to have a bad life. It does not mean the person will never go to college, will never have a decent job, or will never be accepted in society. In fact, there are many famous people that society looks up to that have been fostered or adopted. There are more celebrities that were fostered than I even realized. Here is a compilation of some foster kids who have gone on to do great things.

1. Steve Jobs

Many people know that Steve Jobs, the co-founder and CEO of Apple was adopted. His birth mother was single when Jobs was born. Many mothers who gave birth "out of wedlock" were shamed into giving their babies up for adoption. Paul and Clara Jobs adopted him soon after he was born. His biological mother Jobs to be able to have a life that she knew she would not be able to give him. She wanted him to go to college and become successful. Though Jobs did not graduate from college, he did become successful with the help of his foster parents, who looked out for him even when he was committing a lot of trouble in school.

2. John Lennon
John Lennon grew up to form one of the greatest rock groups of all time, The Beatles. Lennon had a rough childhood, and was sent to live with another family member by the foster system. His father went AWOL while on a naval ship and his mother was unable to care for him. He grew up in the care of his Aunt Mary, and music became a major part of his life in his teenage years. His Aunt actually did not approve of his interest in music. It was his mom, who he did still have contact with, that had bought him his first guitar.



3. Bill Clinton

Bill Clinton, former President of the United States, was born to a widowed mother. His mother traveled to New Orleans to study nursing, and was unable to take Clinton with her. He was sent to live with his grandparents as a child.








4. Dave Thomas

Dave Thomas is the founder of Wendy's. He was adopted at six weeks old. Because of his experience, he created the Dave Thomas Foundation for Adoption.





5. Nelson Mandela

Nelson Mandela was adopted at the age of 9 by Chief Jongintaba Dalindyebo, who was the acting regent of the Thembu people. This occurred after Mandela's father had died.









6. Babe Ruth

Babe Ruth, or George Herman Ruth Jr., is one of the most famous baseball players there are. He was sent into care at age 7. His parents sent him and his sister to orphanages. In the orphanage, Ruth met Brother Matthias and began to learn the sport of baseball.





7. Marilyn Monroe

Marilyn Monroe is one of the most popular movie icons of all time. She overcame many obstacles to achieve fame. She was born to a single mother, who was later diagnosed as mentally insane and had been sent to an asylum. She struggled with not knowing her father. She then spent many years of her childhood in foster homes.







8. James Dean

James Dean is was one of the most popular "bad boys". At the age of 5, his mother passed away. He then was fostered by his Aunt and Uncle on their farm in Indiana.








9. Cher

Cher's early life with her mother was spent mostly in poverty. Her mother became too ill to take care of her when she was just 2 years old, causing Cher to be placed in care. Her grandparents were a major part of her upbringing. She was able to return to the care of her mother once the illness passed.






10. Eddie Murphy

Eddie Murphy is a comedy icon of today. His parents divorced when he was three years old. His father died 5 years later. Eddie and his brother were struggling with his mom. His mother was hospitalized for a period of time, which led to his placement in foster care. Though his experience in foster care was short, it had a major impact on his life. He was in foster care for just about a year, and he credits his experience to the development of his sense of humor and making him realize how important it is to find something to laugh at in every situation.


Fostering kids has also appeared in fiction. Here are the two of the most popular fostered kids in fiction.

1. Harry Potter

The boy who lived's parents were killed one night by Voldemort in the overly popular book/movie series Harry Potter. He was then placed on the porch of his muggle Aunt, Uncle, and Cousin, who became his guardians before his attendance at Hogwarts.






2. Superman

Superman is a popular superhero. Born on the planet Krypton, he was the sole survivor. He was found by Jonathan and Martha Kent on Earth. They rescued the boy and took him to an orphanage, declaring him an abandoned child. They later returned to retrieve the boy. They named him Clark and took him home to raise as their own son.

Abuse In Foster Homes is Real

Jack Mook is a Pittsburgh police detective and Army Veteran. Mook is a committed bachelor. He also volunteers at Steel City Boxing, a non-profit organization that works to teach kids in poverty about the sport. This is where he met brothers Josh and Jessee. He became their trainer and instantly had a connection with them. He knew the two boys came from poverty, and would even take them out to dinner because he said that Joshua was so skinny that he could see his ribcage. The boys would come to the gym multiple times a week to train. Then they stopped. Jack Mook became worried, so he set out to find Josh at school. He picked Josh up one day and said he looked terrible. Mook said, “I got him in the car and he didn’t look good. He just started crying in the car. The kid never cried.” Josh described their home situation to him, explaining how they had slept on the floor for the past six years. Jack and Jessee lived with foster parents who were extremely abusive and neglectful. Josh described his situation by saying that he would sleep his life away and only wake up to go to school. Mook told Josh to hang on and take care of Jessee, and that he would take care of things. Mook became the boys foster parent in an emergency situation after the parents they were living with had a run-in with the police. Mook had been their foster parent for two years, until he decided to go further and adopt them. The boys say he has completely changed their lives. Jessee said that he “feels completely safe,” and Josh said that, “He gave us a childhood. I know we’re going to grow up to be good now.” Mook went on to say that the boys were making him better. When asked what it was like being a parent he said, “It’s the most stressful thing I ever did,” he said, “but when they smile, it releases the stress.”



I really enjoyed reading about this man and kids. I thought it was a good ending for a terrible situation. Besides just being a good story, I liked that it brought awareness to the fact that there are foster parents who abuse the kids they take in. Statistics about abuse in foster care are almost impossible to find, but there are plenty of stories that have made headlines dealing with this issue. The Trenton, New Jersey foster care system has found that 1 in 5 children within their system were abused at a foster home. Budget cuts have led to a high turnover rate for caseworkers. There are not as many caseworkers, meaning that they all have to take in more kids. With the overwhelming amount of work, they begin to become lackadaisical in their care for each kid. They begin to neglect a thorough background check of foster parents and limit the amount of times they check in on the kid after they are placed in a home. Government suggests that incidents of abuse in foster homes is very small, but surveys of children who had lived in foster care say otherwise. Below is a table of the percentage of foster children affected by maltreatment. Some of the numbers may seem small, but maltreatment can have a lasting effect on the kid’s life. Based on the differences between what the government and kids report, the level of maltreatment in foster care has been difficult to gauge.



Just in November 2014, a lawsuit came forward from kids in foster care in California. It is the “Kids for Cash” claim. It is directed towards one of California’s largest private foster care agencies. It addresses how these kids faced physical and mental abuse over a seven year period and how it was covered up by the foster care agency.

“The suit claims the children were "caught in an illegal, abusive, violent, concealed, unconscionable 'kids for cash' operation from 2006 to 2013." It goes on to say the foster children "suffered ongoing, unrestrained, terror, torture, corporal punishment, physical and mental abuse and neglect" at the hands of the foster parents that was "covered up/ unchecked by defendant Interim (Care Foster Family Agency).”

California pays private agencies about $2,000 a month per child. The agencies are allowed to keep as much as 60% for various care purposes, but that was not the case in this situation. This case has not been settled yet, but the groups main goal is purely to bring awareness to the fact that they are not always placed in the perfect home and that some of the agencies are run in a corrupt manner.

Websites about Jack Mook:

http://www.cbsnews.com/news/bachelor-detective-takes-on-case-of-two-pittsburgh-boys/

http://pittsburgh.cbslocal.com/2014/09/25/pittsburgh-police-detective-adopts-two-boys-in-need-of-a-home/

http://www.today.com/news/tough-cop-adopts-brothers-need-2D80172646

https://getfitpgh.com/pittsburgh-cop-adopts-local-boys/

Website about abuse in foster home:

http://www.youthlaw.org/publications/yln/2005/july_september_2005/foster_parents_who_are_they_and_what_are_their_motivations/

http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2013/12/children-abused-foster-parents.html

“Kids for Cash” Source:

http://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/Lawsuit-Claims-Kids-for-Cash-Foster-Care-Abuse--281880151.html

Aging Out of Foster Care

What does it mean to age out of the foster care system? Aging out is simply when a child is considered too old for the foster care system to look after them. Basically, they are kicked out to fend for themselves. In many states, this happens when a child turns 18. Many problems are faced when a child ages out. They do not have a family or the life skills needed to make it on their own. Some problems faced by youth who age out include emotional disturbance, illegal drug usage, and involvement with the legal system, which makes transitioning to adult life extremely challenging. By age 26, 4% of youth who had aged out of foster care had earned a 4 year college degree.

Of the people who age out, 65% emancipate without a place to live. Less than 3% go on to college, and 51% are unemployed. In California, less than 0.3% of the state’s population is made up of foster children. However, 40% of people living in homeless shelters are former foster children. In 2012, more than 23,000 young people aged out of foster care because they were considered too old to remain. Also in 2012, the percentage of youth that had aged out of foster care increased to 10% as opposed to 8%, which was the amount in 2003. In 2013, for every young person who aged out of foster care, taxpayers and communities payed of $300,000 in social costs. This means that it costs a total of about $8 billion in social costs to the United States every year.

There are ways that states are looking to help this high number of abandoned youth. Many states have raised the age that kids are to be protected by foster care. They are starting to implement supervised independent living policies for youth aging from 18-21. They are able to re-enter foster care after a period of trial independence if they need further support. The Success Beyond 18 campaign is an effort trying to implement this idea nationwide and make the transition from foster youth to independent adult much more bearable for these children. The goal is to make it so foster youth that fear turning 18 do not dread it as much when the time comes.

Below is a map of the country that shows the extension of foster care (or lack of) depending on the state and how they came to the conclusion of extension. It also gives examples of why Washington extended their foster care system and what is required to continue to be part of foster care after age 18.

Foster Love Project

When a child is taken into foster care, they can be ripped from their house in the middle of the night. They will show up to their new home with practically nothing. Kelly Hughes, a Pittsburgh foster mom, created a project over the holidays that had the goal of making a child’s first night less shocking. She planned to give kids something they could call their own. Kelly and her husband Andrew have fostered seven children. Kids usually show up with clothes that are dirty or too small and not many personal belongings.

A moment that inspired Kelly to start her project was when she asked her biological children to donate a few of their stuffed animals to make the arrival of the kids they were fostering feel comfortable. When it was time for a boy they were fostering to leave their home, he was able to take the stuffed animal with him. She said the boy was thrilled.

Kelly Hughes launched the Foster Love Project. The goal of the project was to provide bags of clothes and personal items that children would receive when they were in a new placement and could take with them when it was time to leave. She believes that it is a really big deal to be able to provide a bit of comfort to the child’s life. Hughes asked for donations on Facebook. She also partnered with the Bair Foundation, which is a foster care agency. Each placement bag being created includes a backpack or small duffle bag, a blanket, a stuffed animal, pajamas, a toothbrush and toothpaste, kids bath soap and puff, and a book. Restaurant gift cards were also being donated. Chick-fil-A donated $1,000 in gift cards. More than 800 people have participated in the project, some even making multiple bags. The Hughes family’s biggest message from this project is that kids are not disposable or forgotten. They are cared about and matter.

Article about it in the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette: 
http://www.post-gazette.com/life/lifestyle/2014/12/16/Making-foster-care-a-little-more-special/stories/201412070071